Blending separated the pea cells.

But each cell is surrounded by a sack (the cell membrane). DNA is found inside a second sack (the nucleus) within each cell.

To see the DNA, we have to break open these two sacks.

We do this with detergent.

Why detergent? How does detergent work?

Think about why you use soap to wash dishes or your hands. To remove grease and dirt, right?

Soap molecules and grease molecules are made of two parts:

Heads, which like water.

Tails, which hate water.

Both soap and grease molecules organize themselves in bubbles (spheres) with their heads outside to face the water and their tails inside to hide from the water.

When soap comes close to grease, their similar structures cause them to combine, forming a greasy soapy ball.

A cell's membranes have two layers of lipid (fat) molecules with proteins going through them.

When detergent comes close to the cell, it captures the lipids and proteins.

After adding the detergent, what do you have in your pea soup?